Internal combustion engine



lJuly 19,` 1938- M. E. CARROLL 2,124,365

` INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN ENGINE -Filed July 27, 195e l 5 sheets-sheet 1 l M' .fj/y1.

4PRIMER 12%"5- l TANK -If' 1'5 i i Z 5 l FMSL -PaMP PAS/1 cam-Ra FUEL HHH! JY. E. Carroll July 19, 1938- M. E. CARROLL 2,124,365

l INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN ENGINE l l Filed July 27,1956 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 r engines. n 1 j r One of the objects of the inventionis to provide Patented July 19, 1938 PATENT oFFlcE INTERNAL' ooMBVUs'rIoN ENGINE Manly E. Carroll, Miami, Fla., assignmto The Universal Generators Corporation, Inc., Miami, Fla., a corporationof Florida Application-"July 27,1936, Serial No. 92,870

4 claims'. lol.' 12s- 122) This invention relatese'to improvements vinV internal combustion enginesand more particularly to improved means for furnishing fuels to said novel means for feeding different types of lfuels to explosive engines so that the engine maybe started with'a relatively volatile fuel, such as gasoline, and may then be continued in operationy with vrelatively non-volatile fuels,` such as fuel oils orkerosene. e j r Another object is Vto supply such a system with novel means for selectivelycontrolling the 'f feed of both fuels from the fold ofthev engine.

A Still further object is vto, furnish improved suppl'ytanks to ythe mani-V means for forcing either fuel from a selector valve to the carburetor of the engine.

A further and important object is to provide a combination intake and exhaust manifold soconstructed that either fuel fed to thercylindersf of the engine will be equally heated in travelling from the intake port of the manifold to any one of the cylinders of the engine so as to eliminate., unequal heating such as has been accomplished in the devices heretofore known. Y i

Another object is to supply a combinationman- `ifold in which the exhaust gases introduced into the same from the engine will act to heat-the t opposite sides and the bottom of the. intake pas` sageway so as to uniformly heat the "explosive mixture on its way to any one of the engine Vcylinders.

Another object is to provide a combination Y' manifold having the abovel characteristics and provided with heat dissipating fins to extract heat from the outer Wall of the exhaust gas passage-lV way of the manifold. A I

A further object is to supply a combination `manifold of simple, inexpensive and practicaly construction and one which may be readily manufactured by a metal casting operation. 1

With the foregoing objects outlined, and with other objects in view which will appear as the idescrlption proceeds, the invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described in detail, il-` the feed of two different Vfuels tothe engine.

l Fig. 3 is anenlarged horizontal sectional view of the improved combination manifold taken on the line '3 -3 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 4' is a side elevationeof the manifold.

.'Fig. 5 is a transverse 'vertical sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6v is a similar View of a detail on the line 6 6 of Fig. 3. Y

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectionalview on the line 1 1'Qf Fig. 4.

Referring to the drawings, I0 designates the cylinder block of an internal'combustion engine, whichfor the purpose of disclosing the present invention is assumed to be a six-cylinder block.

At one'side of the block I secure my improved combination manifold II, which is supplied with a fuel mixture bya carburetor I2, that is mounted on the manifold and is secured in place by any suitable means, such as screws I3.'

As heretofore stated, I propose to supply the carburetor withffuels, of different types. For example, gasoline may be used for' starting purposes, and it may be contained in a tank I4 mounted on the dash I5 of the motor vehicle which is driven by the engine. Gasoline` is discharged, from the tank through a pipe I6 having a controlvalve I1, and is fed into the port I8 (Fig. 2) of the selector valve, I9, whichport is controlled by a duplex valve member 20 that may b eactuatedrby the operator through the instrumentality of a flexible rod 2|. Gasoline is discharged from the valve through a port 422, and is conveyed by a pipe 23 to a fuel pump 24which functions to force the same through a pipe 25 into the carburetor I2. v

After the engine-has been` started, the operator willshift the valve member 2li` into the position shown in Fig. 2, and then a heavier fuel, such as fuel oil, can be fed into the selector valve by means of a pipe 26 which discharges into a port 2lu of the valve. Of course, the fuel oil introducedinto the valve in this way travels through the pipe 23 under the influence of the pump 24 and is forced through lpipe 25 into the carburetor.

`As the tank I4 is arranged above the valve I9, it will be understood that when the motor isidle,` vthe valve member 22 will occupy the position shown in Fig. 2 to prevent the loss of gasoline from the tank.

In the carburetor I2 the fuel will be mixed with air in the conventional way, and then this mixture will enter the top of the manifold I I through a port 28. Y

flfReferrin'g to the manifold, it will be noted that itconsists of` an elongated metallic casting havingf a bottom 29, an inner side wall 30, an outer side wall 3 I, and a top 32 forming an exhaust passageway 33 which extends the full length of the manifold.

Exhaust gases from the cylinders of the engine are introduced into the passageway 33 through upwardly and outwardly curved nipples 34, 35, 36 and 31, and it will be noted that the nipples 31 discharge into the ends of the passageway 33 while the nipples 35 and 36 discharge into one side of the passageway as will be clear from the drawings.

A web 38, preferably consisting of a vertical wall 39 and a horizontal portion 40 is arranged within the casting for the purpose of forming an intake passageway 4|.

gate the intake passageway from the exhaust passageway.

As best shown in Fig. 3, it may be seen lthat the design of the manifold is such that the medial portion of the two passageways is widerthan the end portions of the same, and this design facilitates equal heating of the explosive mixture which enters the port 28 before the mixture is fed to any one of the engine cylindersthrough ports 42,Y 43

and 44. rlhe ports 42 and 44 lead from the endsV of the passageway 4l while the port 43 leads from the middle portion of the passageway.

A substantially V-shaped balilev45 is positioned within the passageway 4|, and merges into the top 32 and false bottom 38, and this baille spaces the intake port 28 from the port 43 sothat the explosive vmixture entering through 28 will have to travel substantially the same distance'to reach port 43 as in reaching either one of the ports 42 or 44. Consequently, there will be no tendency in this construction for gases to move at different velocities from the intake 28 to any one of the ports 42, 43 or 44, and as the explosive mixture will have to travel substantially the same distance from the port 23 to4 any one of these ports, the mixture willA be at substantially the same ternperature when it reaches anyone of the ports 42, 43 or 44.

It has been found in actual practice that the use of a wider medial portion in the manifold and the baliie 45 'makes the engine operate more smoothly, and increases the efficiency vof the engine, as it is obvious that an engine will not work as smoothly if some of the explosive mixture is going into some cylinders of the engine in a less gasied condition than in other cylinders.

It may be seen from Figs. 3, 4 and'l that notches or gaps 43 are provided in the top portion of the manifold between the ports 34 and 42 and the ports 44 and 3l. This construction allows dissipation of heat from the exhaust gases discharged from the end cylinders of the engine, and to further insure the proper dissipation of heat, I provide the outer wall of the casting with fins 4'!V the outlet 48, and as the balile 45 merges into the false bottom 38, some of the heat will be imparted It will be noted that .the web is of substantially L shape and merges into the top 32 and the inner wall 30 so as. to segre-' to the baille so that it in turn will function to heat the explosive mixture as it passes from the port 28 to the port 43. Of course, the explosive mixture travelling from the port 28 to either one of the ports 42 or 44 will be effectively heated by contacting it with the internal wall 39 and the false bottom 38.

The herein described and illustrated embodiments of my invention have given satisfactory results in practice, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art, after an understanding of my invention, that changes may be made in the details disclosed without departing from the spirit andmscope of the invention, and it is intended that all matters contained in the above description, or shown in the drawings, shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What Iclaim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A combination manifold for internal combustion-engines comprising an elongatedhollow casting `having a top and bottom and inner and outer walls, a substantially` L-shaped web arranged Within the casting and merging into the inner wall and top and dividing the interior of the casting into an'intake passageway and an exhaust gas passageway, ported nipples for introducing exhaust gases into the exhaust gas passageway, medial and end ports for discharging heated explosive gases fromthe intake passageway, a port for introducing an explosive mixture into the medial portion of the tcp of the casting, and means within the intake passageway for causing the mixture introduced through the last mentioned port to travel substantially. the same distance in `reaching anyoneV of saidmedialor endl ports, said last mentioned means including a substantially V-shaped baffle arranged vertically within'the intake passageway between the explosive'mixture-intake port and said medial port, said baille having its upper portion merging into said top and its lower portion merging into saidweb. Y, A

2. A combination manifold for internal combustion engines comprising an elongated hollow casting having a top and bottom and inner and outer walls, a substantially L-shaped web arranged within Athe casting and merging into the inner wall and top-and dividing the interior of the casting-into an intake passageway and an exhaust gas passageway, ported nipples for introducingrexhaust gases into the exhaust gas passageway, medial and end ports for discharging heated explosive gases from the intake passageway, a port for introducing an explosive mixture into the medial portion of the top of the casting, and means withinthe rintake ,passageway for causing the mixture introduced through the lastmentioned-port to travel substantially the Ysaine distance vin-reaclriing-any one of said medial or end ports, the medial portions of-Vthe intake and exhaust passageways being materially wider than the end portions of the same. A

3. A combination manifold -forinternal combustion engines comprising an elongated hollow casting having a top-and bottom and inner and outer sidewalls, a substantially I -shaped partition web arranged in the casting and merging into the top and inner side wall and dividing the interior of the casting into an exhaust gas passageway and an intake passageway, exhaust gas nipples united withthe ends of the casting and with the inner sidewall of the same' for introducing exhaust gases into the exhaust gas passageway, an outlet for discharging exhaust gasesV from Athe last mentioned passageway, medial and end intake nipples communicating with the intake passageway and projecting from the inner wall ofthe casting, the medial portion of both passageways being wider than the end portions of the same, anintake port in the top of the'casting, and a substantially V-shaped baie arranged in the intake passageway between the last mentioned port and the medial port, said baiile having its upper portion merging into said top and its lower portion merging into said web.V

4. A combination manifold for internal combustion engines comprising an elongated hollow casting having a top and bottom and inner and outer side walls, a substantially L-shaped partition web arranged in the casting and merging into the top and inner side wall and dividing the interior of the casting into an exhaust gas passageway and an intake passageway, exhaust gas nipples united with the ends of the casting and with the inner side wall of the same for introducing exhaust gases into the exhaust gas passageway, an outlet for discharging exhaust gases from the last mentioned passagewayyV medial and end intake nipples communicating with the intake passageway and projecting from'the inner wall of the casting, the medial portion of both passageways being wider than the end portions of the same, an intake port in the top of the casting, and a substantially V-shaped baffle arranged in the intake passageway between the last mentioned port and the medial port, said baille being of such length relatively to the intake passageway as to cause an explosive mixture entering through the top intake port to travel substantially the same distance in reaching the medial port or either one of said end ports, said baiiie having its upper portion merging into said top and its lower portion merging into said web. Y

' MANLY E. CARROLL. 

